Common Core fifth-grade ELA standards (2024)

L.5 Language

• Conventions of Standard English

  • L.5.1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.

    • L.5.1.a Explain the function of conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections in general and their function in particular sentences.

      • Use coordinating conjunctions (5-Q.2)
      • Is the sentence simple or compound? (5-JJ.8)
      • Is the sentence simple, compound, or complex? (5-JJ.9)
      • Create compound sentences (5-JJ.10)
      • Identify prepositions (5-QQ.1)
      • Identify prepositions and their objects (5-QQ.2)
      • Identify prepositional phrases (5-QQ.3)
      • Identify coordinating conjunctions (5-RR.1)
      • Identify subordinating conjunctions (5-RR.2)
      • Use the correct pair of correlative conjunctions (5-RR.3)
      • Fill in the missing correlative conjunction (5-RR.4)

    • L.5.1.b Form and use the perfect (e.g., I had walked; I have walked; I will have walked) verb tenses.

      • Choose between the past tense and past participle (5-OO.8)
      • Use the perfect verb tenses (5-OO.9)
      • Form the perfect verb tenses (5-OO.10)

    • L.5.1.c Use verb tense to convey various times, sequences, states, and conditions.

      • What does the modal verb show? (5-MM.2)
      • Use the correct modal verb (5-MM.3)
      • Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? (5-OO.1)
      • Form and use the regular past tense (5-OO.2)
      • Form and use the irregular past tense (5-OO.3)
      • Form and use the simple past, present, and future tense (5-OO.4)
      • Use the progressive verb tenses (5-OO.6)
      • Use the perfect verb tenses (5-OO.9)

    • L.5.1.d Recognize and correct inappropriate shifts in verb tense.

      • Correct inappropriate shifts in verb tense (5-OO.5)

    • L.5.1.e Use correlative conjunctions (e.g., either/or, neither/nor).

      • Use the correct pair of correlative conjunctions (5-RR.3)
      • Fill in the missing correlative conjunction (5-RR.4)

  • L.5.2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.

    • L.5.2.a Use punctuation to separate items in a series.

      • Commas with a series (5-TT.1)

    • L.5.2.b Use a comma to separate an introductory element from the rest of the sentence.

      • Commas with direct addresses (5-TT.3)
      • Commas with introductory elements (5-TT.4)

    • L.5.2.c Use a comma to set off the words yes and no (e.g., Yes, thank you), to set off a tag question from the rest of the sentence (e.g., It's true, isn't it?), and to indicate direct address (e.g., Is that you, Steve?).

      • Commas with direct addresses (5-TT.3)

    • L.5.2.d Use underlining, quotation marks, or italics to indicate titles of works.

      • Formatting titles (5-VV.1)
      • Formatting and capitalizing titles (5-VV.2)

    • L.5.2.e Spell grade-appropriate words correctly, consulting references as needed.

      • Use the correct frequently confused word (5-W.1)
      • Correct errors with frequently confused words (5-W.2)
      • Word pattern analogies (5-Y.11)
      • Word pattern sentences (5-Y.12)
      • hom*ophones with pictures (5-DD.1)
      • Use the correct hom*ophone (5-DD.2)
      • Use guide words (5-II.4)
      • Form plurals of nouns ending in f, fe, o, and y (5-KK.3)
      • Form and use plurals of nouns ending in f, fe, o, and y (5-KK.4)
      • Form plurals: review (5-KK.5)
      • Form and use plurals: review (5-KK.6)
      • Form the singular or plural possessive (5-KK.8)
      • Identify and correct errors with plural and possessive nouns (5-KK.9)
      • Form and use the regular past tense (5-OO.2)
      • Form and use the irregular past tense (5-OO.3)
      • Spell adjectives that compare (5-PP.8)
      • Pronoun-verb contractions (5-SS.1)
      • Contractions with "not" (5-SS.2)

• Knowledge of Language

  • L.5.3 Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening.

    • L.5.3.a Expand, combine, and reduce sentences for meaning, reader/listener interest, and style.

      • Use coordinating conjunctions (5-Q.2)
      • Choose the best transition (5-Q.3)
      • Create varied sentences based on models (5-V.1)
      • Create compound sentences (5-JJ.10)
      • Use the correct pair of correlative conjunctions (5-RR.3)
      • Fill in the missing correlative conjunction (5-RR.4)

    • L.5.3.b Compare and contrast the varieties of English (e.g., dialects, registers) used in stories, dramas, or poems.

      • Which sentence is more formal? (5-C.2)

• Vocabulary Acquisition and Use

  • L.5.4 Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 5 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies.

    • L.5.4.a Use context (e.g., cause/effect relationships and comparisons in text) as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase.

      • Determine the meanings of similes and metaphors (5-F.3)
      • Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source (5-F.4)
      • Find synonyms in context (5-BB.2)
      • Find antonyms in context (5-BB.4)
      • Which definition matches the sentence? (5-EE.2)
      • Which sentence matches the definition? (5-EE.3)
      • Determine the meaning of idioms from context: set 1 (5-FF.1)
      • Determine the meaning of idioms from context: set 2 (5-FF.3)
      • Find words using context (5-HH.1)
      • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (5-HH.2)
      • Use context to identify the meaning of a word (5-HH.3)
      • Determine the meaning of domain-specific words with pictures (5-HH.4)
      • Use academic vocabulary in context (5-HH.5)

    • L.5.4.b Use common, grade-appropriate Greek and Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., photograph, photosynthesis).

      • Words with pre- (5-Y.1)
      • Words with re- (5-Y.2)
      • Words with sub- (5-Y.3)
      • Words with mis- (5-Y.4)
      • Words with un-, dis-, in-, im-, and non- (5-Y.5)
      • Words with -ful (5-Y.6)
      • Words with -less (5-Y.7)
      • Words with -able and -ible (5-Y.8)
      • Sort words with shared prefixes and suffixes by meaning (5-Y.9)
      • Sort words by shared Greek or Latin roots (5-Z.1)
      • Use Greek and Latin roots as clues to the meanings of words (5-Z.2)
      • Use the meanings of words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (5-Z.3)
      • Use words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (5-Z.4)
      • Determine the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (5-Z.5)
      • Determine the meanings of words with Greek and Latin roots (5-Z.6)
      • Match words with Greek and Latin roots to their meanings (5-Z.7)

    • L.5.4.c Consult reference materials (e.g., dictionaries, glossaries, thesauruses), both print and digital, to find the pronunciation and determine or clarify the precise meaning of key words and phrases.

      • Use guide words (5-II.4)
      • Use dictionary entries (5-II.5)
      • Use dictionary definitions (5-II.6)
      • Use thesaurus entries (5-II.7)

  • L.5.5 Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.

    • L.5.5.a Interpret figurative language, including similes and metaphors, in context.

      • Similes and metaphors with pictures (5-F.2)
      • Determine the meanings of similes and metaphors (5-F.3)
      • Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source (5-F.4)
      • Analyze the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone (5-F.5)
      • Read poetry (5-N.3)

    • L.5.5.b Recognize and explain the meaning of common idioms, adages, and proverbs.

      • Determine the meaning of idioms from context: set 1 (5-FF.1)
      • Identify the meaning of idioms and adages: set 1 (5-FF.2)
      • Determine the meaning of idioms from context: set 2 (5-FF.3)
      • Identify the meaning of idioms and adages: set 2 (5-FF.4)

    • L.5.5.c Use the relationship between particular words (e.g., synonyms, antonyms, hom*ographs) to better understand each of the words.

      • Order items from most general to most specific (5-Q.4)
      • Choose the synonym (5-BB.1)
      • Find synonyms in context (5-BB.2)
      • Choose the antonym (5-BB.3)
      • Find antonyms in context (5-BB.4)
      • Analogies (5-CC.1)
      • hom*ophones with pictures (5-DD.1)
      • Use the correct hom*ophone (5-DD.2)
      • Multiple-meaning words with pictures (5-EE.1)
      • Which definition matches the sentence? (5-EE.2)
      • Which sentence matches the definition? (5-EE.3)
      • Describe the difference between related words (5-GG.1)
      • Positive and negative connotation (5-GG.2)
      • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (5-HH.2)
      • Use thesaurus entries (5-II.7)

  • L.5.6 Acquire and use accurately grade-appropriate general academic and domain-specific words and phrases, including those that signal contrast, addition, and other logical relationships (e.g., however, although, nevertheless, similarly, moreover, in addition).

    • Sort sensory details (5-E.1)
    • Choose the best transition (5-Q.3)
    • Revise the sentence using a stronger verb (5-U.2)
    • Positive and negative connotation (5-GG.2)
    • Find words using context (5-HH.1)
    • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (5-HH.2)
    • Use context to identify the meaning of a word (5-HH.3)
    • Determine the meaning of domain-specific words with pictures (5-HH.4)
    • Use academic vocabulary in context (5-HH.5)